MySQL Pagination Query Pattern

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

/** @var PDO $pdo */

$page     = max(1, (int)($_GET['page'] ?? 1));
$pageSize = 20;

$total = (int)$pdo->query('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items')->fetchColumn();
$pages = max(1, (int)ceil($total / $pageSize));

if ($page > $pages) {
    $page = $pages;
}

$offset = ($page - 1) * $pageSize;

$stmt = $pdo->prepare(
    'SELECT id, title, status, created_at
     FROM items
     ORDER BY created_at DESC
     LIMIT :limit OFFSET :offset'
);

$stmt->bindValue(':limit', $pageSize, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->bindValue(':offset', $offset, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();

$rows = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

$pagination = [
    'page'      => $page,
    'page_size' => $pageSize,
    'total'     => $total,
    'pages'     => $pages,
    'has_prev'  => $page > 1,
    'has_next'  => $page < $pages,
];